Jan Lokpal Bill - 3326 Words

Jan lokpal bill 2011 The article describes the various salient features of Jan lokpal bill of Anna Hazare. It also states the corruption in India and the need for anti-corruption laws.It also tells the news and updates on the lokpal bill and how the Jan lokpal bill differs from the government lokpal bill. Why is there a need for anti-corruption laws? All of us are aware of the fact that the country, whom we love so much has been in the clutches and the diabolical jaws of the virus, called corruption. Corruption in India is the main cause of its every failure. Every developmental project and the defense requirements are being overshadowed by the corrupt officials. Even the very magistrates who are believed to be the axis of the law are†¦show more content†¦However, there has been several criticisms against the governments decisions and actions against corruption. Some of the deficiencies in the present anti-corruption system of India are as follows: Deficiency in the Central Vigilance commission †¢ The Central Vigilance commission was accorded the duty of dealing with the disciplinary standards of the country. However, it does not have the adequate resource and capital required to complete its task. Its present work force is about less than 200 but it is supposed to check corruptions in more than 2000 departments related to the central and the state government. Moreover, a small amount of salary is paid to the working staff of the commission that acts as an disincentive to work. †¢ It is merely an advisory body as it does not have the power to enforce its final decision on the government. Central Vigilance Commissions advice is not binding on the government. it is free to hear or reject those suggestions. †¢ Even after hearing the case, it cannot order CBI branch of corruption to execute the case under its discretion. It has to seek the permission of the department whose officials are involved in the case. It is a very vague concept as none of the party members shall permit the further hearing of the case that either results in its cancellation or unrequited delay. †¢ Since CVI is appointed by the law of the government, its members and the other committees are appointed by the governmentShow MoreRelatedJan Lokpal Bill1567 Words   |  7 Pages------------------------------------------------- Jan Lokpal Bill From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The  Jan Lokpal Bill, also referred to as the  citizens ombudsman bill, is a proposed independent anti-corruption law in  India. Anti-corruption social activists proposed it as a more effective improvement to the original  Lokpal bill, which is currently being proposed by the  Government of India.[1] The Jan Lokpal Bill aims to effectively deter corruption, redress grievances of citizens, and protect  whistle-blowersRead MoreLok Pal Bill3155 Words   |  13 PagesJan Lokpal Bill From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Merge-arrows.svg It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Lokpal. (Discuss) Proposed since June 2011. In India, the Jan Lokpal Bill (Hindi: à ¤Å"à ¤ ¨ à ¤ ²Ã  ¥â€¹Ã  ¤â€¢Ã  ¤ ªÃ  ¤ ¾Ã  ¤ ² à ¤ µÃ  ¤ ¿Ã  ¤ §Ã  ¥â€¡Ã  ¤ ¯Ã  ¤â€¢) (also referred to as the citizens ombudsman bill) is a proposed anti-corruption law designed to effectively deter corruption, redress grievances and protect whistleblowers. The law would create an ombudsman called the Jan Lokpal; this would be an independent bodyRead MoreLokpal Bill2301 Words   |  10 PagesKONERU LAKSHMAIAH UNIVERSITY SEMINAR PRESENTION TOPIC: LOKPAL BILL SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY: Dr. V.SARADA B.SEKHAR BABU Read MoreBank and Essay20871 Words   |  84 PagesBank Exams - Jagran Josh www.jagranjosh.com/articles-important-essays-for-bank-exams-1314356... Important Essays: Find Essay writing topics, Essay writing tips, Essay writing formats and other Important Essays for SBI and other Bank exams. ‎Jan Lokpal Bill -  Ã¢â‚¬Å½Corruption In India -  Ã¢â‚¬Å½Role of media in a democracy 3. Free banking Essays and Papers - Free Essays www.123helpme.com/search.asp?text=banking Free banking papers, essays, and research papers. 4. Essay topics ~ Bank Exams www.sbank.in/2011/04/essay-topicsRead MoreEssay on AAM ADMI Party: A Revolution in the Politics of India1279 Words   |  6 PagesIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, where he studied Mechanical Engineering. He is a former Indian Revenue Service (IRS) officer and former Joint Commissioner in the Income Tax Department. He is well-known for his role in drafting a proposed Jan Lokpal Bill and his efforts to bring and implement the Right to Information (RTI) act at the grassroot level. Kejriwal won the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Emergent Leadership in 2006 for his contribution to the enactment of the Right to Information Act andRead MoreSocial And Social Functions Of Social Institutions2316 Words   |  10 Pagesand growth impeding rituals and ideologies, people used to hold to. People are slowly realising things and are able to stand with the just and right. Though much more needs to be done in this regard. Political System – The Anna movement for the Jan Lokpal Bill was a huge blow to the sitting government. People after decades took to streets in huge numbers to demand for their rights and questioned the intention of the political elites. They had become conscious of their long-held needs not finding successRead MorePolitical Scenario in India2751 Words   |  12 Pageswhich could put voters in puzzles to decide their right candidates to send to the Parliament. The year 2012 was full high voltage political activities, since the beginning of the year the ‘Jan Lokpal Bill’ has been in the news. The nation has witnessed the campaign of Hanna Hazare and Ramdev over the bill. However, there were many rounds of talks between the civil society members and UPA government to finalize the issues, but the result was same. Arvind Kejriwal, the most active member of IndiaRead MoreMost Basic and Frequently Asked Interview Questions and Answers10148 Words   |  41 Pagespharmacy college and 6 B.Ed colleges and hundreds of schools and junior colleges. Ramagundam (including Godavarikhani Fertilizer city Town) is a Town, mandal and Municipal Corporation (recently upgraded from municipal council to Municipal Corporation in Jan 2010) in the Karimnagar district. It is the City Of Energy. Ramagundam is situated in the Godavari Valley coalfields and has one of India’slargest thermal power stations, run by NTPC. Karimnagar was originally called Kareem Nagar, deriving its name

Essay about Anna Frank The Holocaust - 810 Words

Adolf Hitler was a German. He got arrested for doing ilegal things within the government of Germany. After Hitler was free from prison he went back to work in the government of Germany. Hitler slowly made his way through the German government. While worked his way to the top he created laws and changed things to make everything he was going to do legal. Once Hitler made it to the top he started to kill Jews and other undesirables. Hitler wanted all the Jews and all the other undesirables gone he wanted to make them suffer. He had made the plan of the Holocaust to get rid of the undesirables. The Holocaust was a mass genocide a killing of a mass number of people froma a certain race or group. Since Hitler wanted to kill the undesirables he†¦show more content†¦The people would also take all of the glasses, wedding rings, earrings, and anyother items that could make them look any different from everyone else. Then they would give you the same clothes as everyone else. It was part of Hitlers plan to make them not feel like umans and to make them all look the same. Some of the undesirables would get the chance to be able to move on to a different camp. Your name either had to be called or a doctor would make sure you looked healthy enough to move on. If you had a disease like scabies you had to stay because it was contagious. Hitler wouldnt want sick people to be sent to work or labor camps because they wouldnt be able to work. And if they couldnt work then Hitler saw them as useless. In the work camps the undeirasbles would have to build things thike ammo or weapon s. The amo and weapons would be used to kill the Jews and undesirables. The United States knew there was war going on but they didnt want to get involved with it. The United states didnt plan on joining in until Pearl Harbor was bombed on December 7,1941. Two waves of bombs were dropped on the naval base of Pearl Harbor. Thats when we decided we needed to fight back. Some of the untited state soilders who were on the ships or on land shot at the japaneese aircrafts. Many ships that where at the naval base were either blown up or shot and then they had sunk. Some people insideShow MoreRelatedAnna Frank and The Holocaust Essay802 Words   |  4 Pagesthat focuses on the Holocaust. There are many titles that surround the Holocaust. Many things relate to Hitler and World War II. Also a common method for learning about the Holocaust is studying Anne Frank. Anne Frank was a young girl that was Jewish. She was normal and had an entertaining life. When Hitler came into power the Frank family was in Amsterdam. Annes sister, Margot, got a call-up notice. That meant Margot had to register with the goverment where she lived. Otto Frank, their father, thenRead MoreCorrie Ten Boom From The Hiding Place And Anne Frank1012 Words   |  5 PagesCorrie Ten Boom from The Hiding Place and Anne Frank From Anne Frank s Diary were two of the of the many people that were living during the Holocaust period. The Holocaust which took place in the late 1930’s and throughout the 1940’s Adolf Hitler an anti-Jewish man came to power in Germany. During this Germany was in a great depression due to their loss of World War One. Hitler promised restoration and power and he was easily accepted. Once Adolf was in power he began to invade countries aroundRead MoreAnne Frank Was A Dutch Girl Who Lived During The Jewish Antisemitism Period1296 Words   |   6 PagesAnne Frank was a dutch girl who lived during the jewish antisemitism period and unfortunately died in the Holocaust. Born in Frankfurt (Germany), on June 12, 1929 she used to live with her older sister, Margot, her father, Otto and her mother, Edith until one day the nazi s ideas reached the town were they used to live. Her life has been plenty of adventures and bad moments that she had to overpass. All of these horrible adventures that she went through were able to be known by the people thanksRead MoreThe Horror of Genocide in Our World 1065 Words   |  4 Pagesmentions the Diary of Anna Frank and talks about all the bad things that he went through and explains how men and women and children were killed. He also explains how the Diary of Anna Frank explains everything right in detail and how she was able to hide and write here diary. Goldhagen then goes and talks to a women who was a holocaust survivor and she shows him a map that she had marked where the holocaust wa s involved and where she had to march in the line of women during the holocaust. She explains howRead MoreAnne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl Essays1608 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Holocaust, Anne Frank was an incredibly memorable girl due to the publication of her diary. Anne Frank was a liberal Jew; as for she did not follow all the traditions of Judaism. On the fourteenth of August 1944, a group of German uniformed police arrested the Frank family and was sent into The House of Detention, transitioned into the Westerbork Transit Camp and then to the Auschwitz concentration camp. In July 1945, after the Red Cross confirmed the death of the Frank sisters, Otto Frank passedRead MoreThe Diary Of A Young Girl1537 Words   |  7 PagesAnn Frank was a significant German-Jewish diarist. She was known for writing diary while hiding in the attic for escaping from Nazi party’s catching. (Roosevelt) Therefore, Ann Frank’s family and another family hid in the â€Å"secret Ann ex† in seclusion which is isolated from the outside world at Amsterdam. They lived crowded, confronted hunger, and fed up with the life in living at the confined attic (back of the book). For the next difficult two years, Ann Frank kept on her diary and recorded whatRead MoreThe Holocaust Was The Systematic Killing Of Over 6 Million Jews1471 Words   |  6 PagesThe holocaust was the systematic killing of over 6 million Jews by the Nazis and their partners. Although many Jews were killed, many were also able to survive the gruesome times ahead of them, such as the Brichta Family and the Grossman Family. The Bricta family consisted of Hermann Brichta, Toni Brichta, Franz Brichta, and their close relative Fritz Wasservogel. Hermann Brichta was born on a farm in 1897 surrounded by neighboring Czechs. Hermann was an active participant in WWI and was dischargedRead MoreAnne Frank s Diary Of A Young Girl1919 Words   |  8 Pagesthe Holocaust, Anne Frank was an incredibly memorable girl due to the publication of her diary. Anne Frank was a liberal Jew; as for she did not follow all the traditions of Judaism. On the fourteenth of August 1944, a group of German uniformed police arrested the Frank family and was sent into The House of Detention, transitioned into the Westerbork Transit Camp and then to the Auschwitz concentration camp. In July 1945, after the Red Cross confirmed the death of the Frank sisters, Otto Frank passedRead MoreAnalysis of the Diary of Anne Frank1876 Words   |  8 PagesFilm Analysis of The Diary of Anne Frank The Diary of Anne Frank is a powerful non-fiction film based on the diary of a young Jewish girl who went into hiding with her family in 1942 to escape the Nazi persecution. Filmed in 1959, George Stevens brilliant usage of mise-en-scene successfully made this movie thought provoking and emotional. Mise-en-scene is one of the four film components that allow motion pictures to serve as a medium of communication. Films use this component to incorporate aRead MoreHuman Oppressiveness in Two Kinds and AP Essay2357 Words   |  10 Pagestheir beliefs, their values, their likeness, their methodology, and their stubborn ignorance of a new time onto their future counterparts. So by oppression, I should be completely clear that I’m not referring to the Iron Curtain of Russia, or the holocaust of Germany, or the Christian Spanish Inquisition; events that unarguably altered the course of history by wreaking havoc on the people – I’m speaking of a much more subtle force: Societal structure, the kind that silently controls the people without

Revolutions of 1848 Spring of the Peoples - 764 Words

The ideas of Europe have changed. The Congress of Vienna, the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Code were all ideological precursors to the revolutionary epidemic that expanded throughout Europe. These conversion of ideas infected the population. Nationalism, Socialism, Liberalism, and Democracy were influencing the peoples perception. Revolutions erupted in 1848; which were called the â€Å"Springtime of the Peoples.† Rebellions materialized in France, Germany, Italy, and the Austrian Empire just to name a few. The contrasting countries had various competing ideological aims, leaders, and goals. These mutinies paved the way for transformation yet were not considered as victorious revolts. There were various reasons for the populaces defiance. The Industrial Revolution caused many economic challenges to both the rulers and the people with rapid urbanization and employment challenges to the artisan class. The population had doubled which had left everyone in a foo d shortage. This agricultural emergency occurred especially in Ireland which lead to an amplitude of Irish migrating to America. There was substandard harvests that raised food-prices 60%; 135% in a single year in Ireland. The financial phenomenon in the coal, iron, and railroad industries were downsizing markets. The soaring fees with decreased salaries produced agonizing impoverishment for the working classes(urban and agricultural). The middle class began to deteriorate likewise; which is whenShow MoreRelated The Revolutions of 1848 Essay1382 Words   |  6 PagesThe Revolutions of 1848 The Revolutions of 1848 have been described as the â€Å"greatest revolution of the century†1. From its mild beginnings in Palermo, Sicily in January 1848, it did not take long to spread across the rest of Europe (Britain and Russia were the only countries not to experience such revolutions). â€Å"In 1848 more states on the European continent were overcome by revolution than ever before and ever since†2. The Revolutions became more radical but after June 1848 these revolutionaryRead MoreRevolutions of 18481055 Words   |  5 PagesThe Revolutions of 1848 were a series of political and economic revolts that took place in Europe because of a recession and abuse of political power. Although changes were made all throughout Europe, the original, oppressive government took back control soon after, undoing the work of the revolutionaries. Although these changes didnt last long, the revolutions did prove to both the governments and revolutionaries that the people had the power to undermine the government in order to bring aboutRead MoreEssay on Nationalism and Liberalism 1368 Words   |  6 PagesOften called â€Å"the People’s Spring†, the Revolutions of 1848 marked a time of political and social turmoil widespread across the European continent. It is during this time we see monarchies overthrown, the formation of new countries, and â€Å"radical ideologies† such as Nationalism, and Liberalism become the beliefs of the middle-class. The populations of European countries were growing at a rate never seen before. The masses started becoming agitated with the current monarchial system of governmentRead MoreLeadership in the Uprising: Comparison of Different Uprising1477 Words   |  6 PagesRule. The Hungarian Revolution and the Prague Spring were uprisings against the Soviet Union that both ended in defeat with Soviet Union. However, the outcomes for both countries differed in many ways because of the differences in the moti ves for the uprising, the loss of life and the differences in the leadership of the uprisings. One difference between the Hungarians and the Czechs was the effects of nationalism on the uprisings. Rooted in their history from 1848 Revolution against the HabsburgRead MoreThe Arab Spring Revolution is a Failure1303 Words   |  6 PagesThe Arab Spring Revolution is a Failure â€Å"Arab spring mishap leads to sharp increase of oil smuggling†, â€Å"Syrian revolution starts experiencing causalities†, â€Å"Overthrown Egyptian government a downright failure†, â€Å"Tunisia on the verge of economic collapse post being struck by the Arab spring revolution†, â€Å"Bombing in Libya kills 20 in the proximity of a ration distribution unit†. These were the kind of news headlines the modern world was bombarded with when the riots in the Middle East were instigatedRead MoreMazzini On Nationality893 Words   |  3 Pagesquestions; or, rather, the question of the transformation of authority, that is to say, of the Revolution, has assumed two forms; the question which all have agreed to call social, and the question of nationalities. The first is more exclusively agitated in France, the second in the heart of the other peoples of Europe. I say, which all have agreed to call social, because, generally speaking, every great revolution is so far social, that it cannot be accomplished either in the religious, political, or anyRead More Karl Marx Essay1110 Words   |  5 Pages Most people think of communism as a bad thing. Karl Marx would disagree. He formed the basic ideas of communism in his writings. He argued that communism was the eventual government that formed out of many unsuccessful governments. Many modern communists either use his ideas or use parts of his ideas to form their own. Karl Marx is the true father of communism. Marx was born in Trier, Prussia on May 5, 1818 (Beales). His family was Jewish, but his father converted the family to ProtestantismRead MoreThe Two Faces of Nationalism1493 Words   |  6 Pages Some of the marked advancements in Europe that took place in the 19th century include the Industrial Revolution that was initiated in the latter half of the previous century and took a full swing in the 19th century by expanding into regions of Germany, Italy and Netherlands in Europe as well as the United States and Japan. Russia also experienced major changes due to the industrial revolution at the beginning of the 19th century. Perhaps the biggest social change that was brought about in the 19thRead MoreRole of Women 1500-Present Day Essay examples1520 Words   |  7 Pagesconcern to control women’s social and sexual behavior spread throughout much of southwest Asia and the Mediterranean basin, where it reinforced patriarchal society structures.†(Bentley, Ziegler, Streets , 2008). Egyptian Society Egyptian and Nubian people built patriarchal society that gave men authority; but women had a major influential role. Queen Hatshepsut took power as pharaoh, and served as a co-ruler with her stepson Tuthmosis III. Many Egyptians viewed her position as unsettling; however NubianRead MoreEssay Biography of Karl Marx1084 Words   |  5 PagesMarx was born in Trier, Germany, on May 5, 1818 to Hirshel and Henrietta Marx. Hirshel Marx was a Jewish lawyer and in order to escape anti-Semitism, he chose to abandon his Jewish faith when Karl was only six years old. Even though the majority of people living in Trier were Catholics, Hirshel Marx decided to become a Protestant. The family converted to Protestantism in 18241. After graduating from the Friedrich-William Gymnasium High School in Trier, Marx entered Bonn University where he studied

The Socialist Republic Of Vietnam - 905 Words

The Socialist Republic of Vietnam Vietnam stretches one thousand miles from China in the north to the Gulf of Thailand in the south. The Gulf of Tokin and the South China Sea border the eastern side of the country. In the west, the Annamite Mountains separate Vietnam from Cambodia and Laos. To the north, along Vietnamese-Chinese border are the Hoang Lien Mountains, containing the highest point in Vietnam. Hanoi is the capital and Ho Chi Minh City, previously Saigon, is the largest city. Vietnam is divided into five municipalities and fifty-nine provinces. The surrender of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DVR) in the south in 1975 gave rise to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in the following year. Vietnam has a dual-executive. The head of government is Prime Minister, Nguyen Tan Dung. While, President Truong Tan Song, is the head of state. The legislature is unicameral, consisting of 500 National Assembly members. According to the Vietnam Constitution, the only political party allowed to exist is the Vietnamese Communist Party (CPV or CP). In recent years, â€Å"Vietnam has gone from being one of the world’s poorest nations into one of Southeast Asia’s most dynamic and fastest growing economies, with aspirations to be a developed nation by 2020.† In 111 BCE, China incorporates modern day Vietnam into the Han Dynasty, but after a thousand years in power, the Chinese government withdrew itself from the region. Then, following an intense period of warfare with France,Show MoreRelatedThe Many Variations and Common Themes of Constitutions1499 Words   |  6 Pagesthe American Revolutionary War. Not only does the U.S. have a constitution, but also France, Iraq, Vietnam, and other nations. Even ancient civilizations established one, such as Greece, Rome, Babylon, the Iroquois Confederacy, and others. Constitutions imply different themes, such as rights and justice, but imply one major theme. The constitutions of France, Iraq, the United States of America, Vietnam, ancient Greece and Rome, Babylon, and the Iroquois Confederacy all imply achieving righteousnessRead MoreCritical Response paper 1821 Words   |  4 PagesParliament. This forced British radicals, from the 1790s to the 1820s to emphasize the importance of natural rights and popular sovereignty in areas concerning government. Now that we understand the liberalist side of things, let’s look into the socialist government. Socialism emphasizes much different views compared to liberalism. Socialism is based on the theory of collectivism meaning human beings are social by nature, not individuals, and society should respect this and refrain from acting inRead MoreThe Vietnam War : The United States And The Soviet Union1005 Words   |  5 PagesThe Vietnam War was a long, immoderate furnished clash that hollowed the socialist administration of North Vietnam and its southern partners, known as the Viet Cong, against South Vietnam and its chief associate, the United States. The war started in 1954 after the ascent to force of Ho Chi Minh and his socialist Viet Minh party in North Vietnam, and proceeded against the background of an exceptional Cold War between two worldwide superpowers: the United States and the Soviet Union. More than 3 millionRead MoreThe Vietnam War Of Vietnam920 Words   |  4 Pages19 40’s Vietnam was trying to break free of French reign over their country. During this time period Vietnam was split into two parts, north and south. The Japanese had decided to take over Vietnam in 1942. They couldn’t capture all of Vietnam, so they decided to retreat. North Vietnam proclaimed independence on September 2, 1945 as the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The State of Vietnam declared independence on June 14, 1949, but remained under French rule until August 1, 1954. South Vietnam was theRead More Evaluating the Success of Americas Policy of Containment of Communism1031 Words   |  5 Pagesextending its influence. This, naturally, resulted in strained relations and rivalry between the two superpowers. Despite the many difficulties, American policy of containment during the Korean War, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Vietnam War did manage to contain the expansion of Communism to a certain extent. The containment of communism in Korea was successful. The Korean War, which started on June 25, 1950 and ended with a cease fire on July 27, 1953, was a civilRead MoreEssay on Wars and The Birht of Republic, Different Topics1408 Words   |  6 Pages1946-1954: 2.   The Vietnamese War 1954-1975: 3.   Birth of the Republic 1945: 1.   The First Indochina War 1946-1954: The First Indochina War took place in the Asian region of Indochina, containing the nations of Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos.   French, the long time colonial ruler of Indochina was being fought by these nations.   The French started their colonial rule over Indochina in 1859, and had control by 1885.   During World War II, Vietnam resisted French rule, and as the World War came to an endRead MoreWhy Did the French Lose the Indo-Chinese War? Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pagesunsuccessful campaign in Vietnam. The catalyst for conclusion of the war was the demoralizing and humiliating defeat of the French at the short-lived battle of Dien Bien Phu. Other contributing factors which lead towards the defeat of the French included the failed tactics of the French, the lack of political motivation, their ignorance towards the aptitude of the Viet Minh, and the ultimate determination of the Vietnamese people to keep Vietnam as an independent socialist republic. Most prominently, theRead Mo reLaos1480 Words   |  6 PagesLaos Laos, officially the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic, is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma and the Peoples Republic of China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south, and Thailand to the west.   Capital:  Vientiane Currency:  Lao kip Population:  6.77 million (2013)   Government:  Communist state, Socialist state Official language:  Lao ------------------------------------------------- Etymology ------------------------------------------------- Read MoreSocialism and Karl Marx832 Words   |  3 PagesTrue socialists advocate a completely classless society, where government controls all means of production and distribution of goods. Socialists believe that in this control because it is necessary to eliminate competition among the people and put everyone on the same level. Throughout history socialism has been practiced in various countries, however the country itself has not been declared itself a socialist country. Although there are many countries who are not officially socialist, thereRead MoreInternational Business Case Study934 Words   |  4 PagesUpdate the political, legal, and economic situation in Vietnam; then select a product of your choosing and evaluate Vietnam’s potential both as a market and as a manufacturing site. a. Vietnam’s economy has grown significantly, expanding at an average rate of 7.5% per annum over the past decade. In 2010, foreign investors registered capital of nearly $18.6 billion (US), in which the actual disbursed capital came to $11 billion. Vietnam offers a welcoming investment climate, including solid

Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln Essay Example For Students

Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln Essay Abraham Lincoln was born Sunday, February 12, 1809, in a log cabin near Hodgenville, Kentucky. He was the son of Thomas and Nancy Hanks Lincoln, and he was named for his paternal grandfather. Thomas Lincoln was a carpenter and a farmer. Both of Abrahams parents were members of a baptist congregation which had seperated from an another church due to opposition of slavery. Lincoln was a pretty average his whole life, despite his giantism. When he was older his opposition in slavery led him to run for president. In the 1860 Republican Presidential nomination Lincoln won, beating Hannibal Hamlin. On November 6, 1860, Lincoln was elected the 16th president, defeating Douglas, John Bell, and John C. Breckinridge. In February of 1861 the Lincolns left by train for Washington D.C. Lincoln was now wearing a beard at the suggestion of an 11 year old girl. After Lincolns election many Southern states, fearing Republican control in government, seceded from the Union. Lincoln faced great internal crisis of any US president. After the fall of Ft. Sumter, Lincoln raised an army and decided to fight to save the Union from falling apart. Despite enormous pressures, loss of life, battlefield setbacks, generals who werent ready to fight, assasination threats, and other things, Lincoln stuck with this pro-Union policy for 4 long years of Civil War. On January 1, 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation was signed by Lincoln. This ment that all slaves in the confederate states could go free. Also in November of 1863 he gave the Gettysburg Address which dedicated the battlefield there to the soldiers who had perished. He called on the living to finish the tasks of the dead soldiers. In April of 1865 Lincoln attened a play at Fords Theatre entitled, Our American Cousin. During the performance John Booth arrived at the theatre and shot Lincoln in the back of the head. Lincoln was a great man who was beloved by many people. he set many goals from people and goals for himself that helped res olve many national issues. His knowledge was that he knew if he didnt fight to save the Union that it would fall apart. He alsi knew that slavery had to be stopped. He stopped slavery by the signing of the Emancipation Proclamation. By fighting the Civil War he also stopped the Union from falling apart. In all Abraham Lincoln was a great man and his knowledge let him to power and sucess.

Management Planning and Control

Question: Discuss about the Management Planning and Control. Answer: Introduction: Innovation and creative thinking can be identified as one of the major guides in the management process for solving related issues. A number of problem solving procedures can be addressed in this regard. As opined by Proctor (2014) the creative problem solving methods involve application of logic and skills to find the probable solution of the problem. An organization has a number of options to apply in this context. Those can be: Abstraction, analogy, brainstorming, fractionalization and many more. The process need to be chosen according to the nature of the problem to obtain the best result. In the provided case, applying the brainstorming process will be the best approach. It involves a large number of people or organizational members to suggest the possible solutions of the problem. The process is all about gathering a number of suggestions from a team and developing them until an optimum solution is found. As opined by Gallagher (2013), to harness an effective brainstorming method, it is important to follow some certain steps. These steps are the typical requirement of the brainstorming method. Organizing a team with skilled and creative members is the first step of the process. The team needs to involve the participants with varied point of views. Not more than 4 to 6 members will be there in the team. Then it is needed to set the goals and defining the objectives to the members. A strong, direct and motivating leader is needed to control the session. As opined by Robinsonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Morral et al. (2013) the participants must have the required data and background information. The session has to be arranged in the stimulation environment. The leader has to motivate the members to provide their suggestion or creative ideas to solve the problem. Those ideas will be jotted down and developed and the best possible solution/ solutions will be used. Figure 1: visualization of the brainstorming map (Source: Wilson 2013) A number of literacy sources are available which suggest the possible creative problem solving processes. The author has found this particular idea of brainstorming to solve the issues face by the University of Southern California (US) by consulting such literary sources. Moreover, conducting web based research on the creative problem solving method use by the popular companies; the author has concluded that this particular method will be the best possible solution for solving the issues that the university is facing. With the aim of solving the issue of making academics more innovative, obtaining a number of processes will be the best step forward. It can easily be understood that to make the academic process innovative opting for any single idea will not be enough. Hence, the author has selected this particular method. A control problem can be described as issue, which needs a collective initiative to solve. The issues on which, the organization had a control previously; but now, the issue is being emerging as an uncontrollable one. In the context of the given case, the control problem is the lack of innovative processes in the academics. The university is following the traditional process of academics. It is hurting the potentiality of the organization in student attraction. Moreover, lack of innovative academic processes (self-learning modes, Peer Assisted Learningetc.) is reducing the capacity of the university in dissemination of education and making it encouraging. As discussed by Wilson (2013) brainstorming involves a number of people and helps to collect a number of suggestions. The particular issue that the university is facing needs to incorporate a number of varied ides. Brainstorming will encourage the participants to provide varied ideas to make the academic process more innovative. As, the team will be composed of the members with varied point of views; it can be expected, that radical ideas can be gathered in this session. Moreover, a university is not an autocratic organization. It involves a number of groups and bodies to implement certain decisions. Hence, organizing a brainstorming process with the members of different bodies will suit the structural governance of the university. A number of popular companies have used the strategy of brainstorming for solving their issues. The name of Georgia-Pacific Corp. can be cited in this regard. With their software Imaginatic, they have followed collaborative brainstorming process and developed their product, service, and introduced process improvement (www.gp.com. 2016). On the other hand, as mentioned by Hicks (2013) Companies like BMW, Kraft, PG, Airbnb, and Novartis often use this particular technique to develop new ideas. Figure 1: visualization of the barnstorming process (Source: Wilson 2013) As suggested in the provided visualization, the brainstorming process will involve the members of various groups or boards of the university. They will generate possible ideas and the ideas will be gathered and compiled by the session leader. Lately, the solutions will be examined and reviewed in the context of the available resources. Lastly, the best-suited solutions will be implemented by the university. Conclusion: Brainstorming has a democratic approach within itself. The process can be identified as one of the most popular creative problem solving approaches in the organizational management scenario. The university needs some innovative options those can be incorporated in the academic process. Now, while thinking about the innovative processes, it is hard to determine which will be the best suited for the current circumstances. Hence, to gather some suggestions, brainstorming will be an effective process. This method will provide the university a number of creative solutions to introduce in the academic process. References: Gallagher, S., 2013.Brainstorming: Views and interviews on the mind. Andrews UK Limited. Hicks, M.J., 2013.Problem solving in business and management: hard, soft and creative approaches. Springer. Proctor, T., 2014.Creative problem solving for managers: developing skills for decision making and innovation. Routledge. Robinsonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Morral, E.J., Reiterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Palmon, R. and Kaufman, J.C., 2013. The interactive effects of selfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ perceptions and job requirements on creative problem solving.The Journal of Creative Behavior,47(3), pp.200-214. Wilson, C., 2013.Brainstorming and beyond: a user-centered design method. Newnes. www.gp.com. 2016. [online] Available at: https://www.gp.com/ [Accessed 10 Aug. 2016].

Management Systems & Financial Information for Decision Making

Questions: 1. Critically discuss the primary objective and four secondary objectives of both companies. Whilst analysing these objectives critically provide evidence of their success or even failure. 2. Critically analyses two ratios in the following areas between 2011 and 2014 from FAME on both companies: Profitability Efficiency Financial/Stability Investor 3. Critically discuss the importance of cash management and capital budgeting to both companies. Answers: 1. Profile of TESCO PLC: Tesco is identified as the biggest supermarket in UK dominating the retail segment of British with domestic market share and worldwide sales. Food is the main origination of Tesco and later it catered the service into garments, financial and internet service, consumer electronics and telecoms. Primary Objective: The primary objective of Tesco is to create the value and culture among the customers. Secondary Objective: The secondary objectives of Tesco are to remain as a market leader and provide more than the competitors. Treating the customers as a part of Tesco team. Treating the customers gently and softly. Caring the employees so that they care for the customers with mine hearted. Critical Analysis of Objectives: Globalization and severe competition among retail supermarkets has increased customers awareness; profitability and finally the persistence of organizations are highly impacted by customer satisfaction: thus it has become the important key issues in the current world (Cheng et al. 2011; Beatson et al. 2007). Customer satisfaction approach is always very subjective and it can be influenced by various factors such as products/service price, reliability, responsiveness and lead time (Cochran, 2003). Customer satisfaction is the outcome of the value received through customers perception where the value equals perceived service quality relative to price (Hallowell 1996, p. 29). Perceived quality is the first determinant of overall customer satisfaction and perceived value is the second determinant (Fornell et al, 1996, p. 9). Employees in service industries have strong influence over customer satisfaction. They take a leading role in driving the performance of organization. Organizational performance has strong impact on employee interactions with customers (Peltier, Dahl Mulhern, 2009). Tescos business is customer oriented. It provides the products that has value for money for its customers and delivers high quality service. Tesco is committed to improve the services and products and thus introduced value for money offer regarding the customers perception on their shopping experience such as quality, price, range, service, shopping environment, parking availability and store hygiene levels (Tesco PLC, 2012). Tesco also carries out market research survey to track consumer preferences, demands and expectations and the companys ability to meet those demands (Tesco PLC, 2012). Tesco has achieved immediate advantage against competitors in exploring the rends of consumers, establishing targeted communications, accurately measuring the promotions, protecting against the activities initiated by competitors and ensuring right product at right place on time. These issues helped Tesco to enhance the product and service quality in order to increase the customer satisfaction which in turn creates customers loyalty (Benady, 2006). Profile of British Telecommunications PLC: British Telecommunications Group, PLC is one of the leading providers of telecommunications services in Europe. The core activities of BT group include local, national and international telecommunications services, broadband with higher value, internet services and products and IT solutions. Primary Objectives: BT has a very clear vision of where they want to be and currently they are taking steps to achieve the goal. Their renovation has primary objectives. Turning around to be a global services Secondary Objectives: Their main purpose is to offer world-class telecommunications and information products and services and to improve network activity at home and overseas so that they can: To drive broadband services Making BT a great place to work To become wholesalers choice To create a brand in the SME sector (The Guardian, 2008) Critical Analysis of Objectives: The movement of globalization process has made the companies to expand its business in multi nations. About 50% of BT group total revenue is generated by BT global services. Telecom is determined to be the dynamic economic sectors and it faces persistent market and technological forces (Wellenius Stern, 1996). It is essential to retain the market share of global services. The share of BTs in DSL and LLU installed base remains 35%, which keeps growing up in the economic crisis. The SME market provides a large purse that telecom companies have no option but to compete for it. Succeeding is this market will depend on various factors such as efficiency to run quickly to occupy the large market during its fast evolution; diplomatic in selecting the appropriate channels to reach customers; willpower to take initiative and to strengthen the SME market; tractability and self-scrutiny to deal the business partners, maximizing delivery and identify total telecom solutions. The telecoms that conglomerates these attributes efficiently and utilizing them wisely will navigate SME market expansion (Breedveld et al, 2005). BT has reached an attitude which is much stronger and indomitable by competitors. UK based customers dominate the segment and it deliver solutions to more than 150 countries linking communities, installations and value chains that are important to organizations. It is responsible for more than 25 million telephone lines. BT is the only UK telecom company to deliver fixed line telephone connection to any UK address. It operates the most public telephones all over UK (Malaga, 2003). 2. Profitability Ratios: A) Gross Profit Ratio: ( million) ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Gross Profit 5261 4089 4010 9692 9011 9286 Net Sales 64539 64826 63557 18987 18103 18287 Ratio 8% 6% 6% 51.04% 49.77% 50.77% Gross Profit Ratio = Gross Profit/Net Sales *100 = 5261/64539*100 = 8% Interpretation: BT group has high gross profit margin than Tesco. It indicates that BT group is making a reasonable profit and keeps the overhead cost in control. But Tesco is showing less profit margin and also unable to control its cost of sales. It is recommended for Tesco to minimize the cost of sales and make a reasonable profit. B) Net Profit Ratio: ( million) ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Net Profit 2814 120 970 6495 6122 6374 Net Sales 64539 64826 63557 18987 18103 18287 Ratio 4% 0.1% 1.5% 34.2% 33.8% 34.8% Net Profit Ratio = Net Profit/Net Sales*100 = 2814/64539*100 = 4% Interpretation: The results indicate that BT group is showing higher net profit margin than Tesco. BT group profit margin shows that the company is more effective in converting the revenue into profit. Tescos profit margin indicates a low margin of safety which shows that there is higher risk of decline in sales. Finally it might result in less profit and a net loss. C) Operating Profit Margin: ( million) ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Operating Income 3835 1960 2259 2120 2315 2312 Net Sales 64539 64826 63557 18987 18103 18287 Operating Profit Margin 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.11 0.127 0.126 Operating Profit Margin = Operating Income/Net Sales = 3835/64539 = 0.05 Interpretation: The result indicates that BT group is showing higher operating margin than Tesco. BT group is earning more per pound of sales and fixed costs are in control for the production. But in case of Tesco the fixed costs might be higher for the production even though it shows a good sales volume. D) Return on Capital Employed (ROCE): ( million) ($ million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 EBIT 3825 1960 2259 6495 6122 6374 Capital Employed 18261 20594 18055 14693 17275 17211 ROCE 20% 9.51% 12.51% 44.20% 35.43% 37.03% ROCE = EBIT/Capital Employed*100 = 3825/18261 = 20% Interpretation: The result indicates that BT group shows higher percentage than Tesco but it has been compared to the previous years. The lower percentage indicates that the company should increase the operating profit without corresponding increase in the capital employed. Though BT group has maintained steady operating profit in the year 2012, in later years it has not been maintained efficiently. So both the companies have to maintain operating profit by minimizing the value of capital employed. E) Return on Equity (ROE): ($ million) ($ million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Net Income 4433 43 1614 1756 1948 2018 Avg. Shareholders Equity 27466.5 26956.5 25082.5 1308 (262) (592) ROE 16.13% 0.15% 6.43% 134.25% 743.51% 340.87% ROE = Net Income/Average Shareholders Equity*100 = 4433/27466.5*100 = 16.13% Interpretation: The results indicate that Tesco has generated more profit with the money invested by shareholders than the BT group. Since the companies differ in the industry sector, it is not fair conclusion that the industries making higher return are better investment than the lower return. F) Return on Assets (ROA): ($ million) ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Net Income 4433 43 1614 1756 1948 2018 Total Assets 80223 77599 83053 23948 24879 24898 ROA 5.67% 0.05% 2.01% 7.33% 7.82% 8.10% ROA = Net Income/Total Assets*100 = 4433/80223*100 = 5.67% Interpretation: The results exhibits that BT group is showing higher ratio than Tesco. BT group is efficient in managing its assets to generate profit and it is earning more money on its assets than Tesco. Tesco results show that it is slightly inefficient in managing its assets. 2. Investment Ratios: A) Dividend Cover: ( million) ($ million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Profit After Tax 1498 3320 86 1756 1948 2018 Dividend 1180 1184 1189 (590) (683) (778) Dividend Cover 1.26 2.80 0.07 2.97 2.85 2.59 Dividend Cover = Profit after Tax/Dividend = 1498/1180 = 1.26 Interpretation: The result indicates that the BT group is more capable to pay dividends to its shareholders than Tesco. Tescos dividend is consistently below 1.5 and it suggests that the company might not be able to sustain the current level of dividends during severe variation in profit in the future. Similarly, BT group is maintaining higher proportion of its income to meet its financial requirements which ends in higher dividend payout in the coming years. B) Dividend Yield: ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Dividend Per Share 14.76 14.76 14.76 8.30 9.50 10.90 Market Price Per Share 318.2 372.25 318.95 224.32 279.41 375.86 Dividend Yield 4.63% 3.96% 4.62% 3.70% 3.40% 2.90% Dividend Yield = Dividend per Share/Market Price per Share*100 = 14.76/318.2*100 = 4.63% Interpretation: The above result indicates that Tesco yields more dividend than BT group. Tesco pay its investors a high dividend in contrast to the fair market price of the share. Investors of Tesco are highly compensated for their investments compared to the investors of BT group. It also differs from one industry to another industry. C) Price Earnings Ratio (P/E): ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Market Price per share 318.2 372.25 318.95 224.32 279.41 375.86 Earnings per share 37.41 35.97 32.05 25.80 26.30 28.20 Price Earnings Ratio 8.50 10.34 9.95 8.69 10.62 13.32 Price Earnings Ratio = Market price per share/Earnings per share = 318.2/37.41 = 8.50 Interpretation: The above result indicates that BT group is showing higher price earnings compared to Tesco. The rise in the earnings per share also raises the market price per share which indicates positive future performance and investors are willing to high for the companys shares. Though Tesco doesnt show poor ratio, performance is lower compared to BT group. Since both the companies belong to different industry, the ratios also differ from one another. D) Payout Ratio: ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Dividend per share 14.76 14.76 14.76 8.30 9.50 10.90 Earnings per share 37.41 35.97 32.05 25.80 26.30 28.20 Payout Ratio 0.39 0.41 0.46 0.32 0.36 0.38 Payout Ratio = Dividend per share/Earnings per share = 14.76/37.41 = 0.39 Interpretation: The above result indicates that the payout ratio is almost equal for the companies and it is showing a low dividend payout ratio. It shows that both the companies are retaining a large portion of the earnings for future growth. A high payout ratio is preferred by the investors to purchase shares in order to earn continuous dividend from the company. A low ratio is good for those who seek appreciation in the value of stock. 3. Importance of Cash Management and Capital Budgeting: Based on the above ratios it appears that British Telecommunications Plc. would be considered as a favored choice, given higher margins with their presence in telecom sector and greater presence in global market. Additionally, BT has its presence on the high street and has the ability to take advantage of recovery of UK economy. Given this, BT Plc., could be less risky than Tesco Plc., which has given scope for high income. Considering the profitability, BT Plc. is making a reasonable profit and keeps the overhead cost in control than Tesco Plc. BT group profit margin shows that the company is more effective in converting the revenue into profit. BT group is earning more per pound of sales and fixed costs are in control for the production. But in case of Tesco the fixed costs might be higher for the production even though it shows a good sales volume. Since the companies differ in the industry sector, it is not fair conclusion that the industries making higher return are better investment than the lower return. When it comes to the investment, Tescos dividend is consistently below 1.5 and it suggests that the company might not be able to sustain the current level of dividends during severe variation in profit in the future. Similarly, BT group is maintaining higher proportion of its income to meet its financial requirements which ends in higher dividend payout in the coming years. BT group is showing higher price earnings compared to Tesco. The rise in the earnings per share also raises the market price per share which indicates positive future performance and investors are willing to high for the companys shares. Though Tesco doesnt show poor ratio, performance is lower compared to BT group. Since both the companies belong to different industry, the ratios also differ from one another. BT Plc., is favored for its various telecom business solutions, both UK and global market, which are anticipated to gain advantage as global recovery. The main advantage is the scope of business, with potential risk in the UK telecom market diminished by enhanced performance from various operations and international sales. Tesco is more exposed to be the dominant player in grocery market. It is well placed to take over the enhancing residue through its multi-channel businesses. References: Bloomberg BusinessWeek, 2014, BT group Plc. accessed on January 20, 2015 from https://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/transactions/transactions.asp?ticker=BT/A:LN BT Group Plc., 2012, Annual Report Form 20-F, accessed on January 19, 2015 from https://www.btplc.com/Sharesandperformance/Annualreportandreview/pdf/BTAnnualReport2012_smart.pdf BT Group Plc., 2013, Annual Report Form 20-F, accessed on January 19, 2015 from https://www.btplc.com/Sharesandperformance/Annualreportandreview/pdf/2013_BT_Annual_Report_smart.pdf BT Group Plc., 2014, Annual Report Form 20-F, accessed on January 19, 2015 from https://www.btplc.com/Thegroup/RegulatoryandPublicaffairs/Financialstatements/2014/Current_Cost_Financial_Statement_2014.pdf London Stock Exchange, 2014, BT Group Plc., accessed on January 21, 2015 from https://www.londonstockexchange.com/exchange/prices-and-markets/stocks/summary/company-summary.html?fourWayKey=GB0030913577GBGBXSET1 Stepan Breedveld Marcos Aguiar; David Michael Wendell Kuling, 2005, The SME Market for Telecom Providers: Sailing into the Winds of Change, accessed on January 21, 2015 from https://www.bcg.com.cn/export/sites/default/en/files/publications/articles_pdf/SME_Market_for_Telecom_Providers_Sailing_into_Winds_Change_May2005.pdf Tesco Plc., 2014, Annual Report and Financial Statements, accessed on January 19, 2015 from https://www.tescoplc.com/files/pdf/reports/ar14/download_annual_report.pdf

Throughout history, statistics have proven that Ca Essay Example For Students

Throughout history, statistics have proven that Ca Essay pital Punishment or otherwise known as the death penalty, has been an effective deterrent of major crime. Capital Punishment is the We will write a custom essay on Throughout history, statistics have proven that Ca specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now lawful infliction of death among criminals and has been used to punish a wide variety of offenses for many years all over the world (Bedau 16). When the death penalty is enforced, it shows society that committing a capital crime has deadly consequences. In early times, many methods of Capital Punishment were used to deter a variety of crimes. For over a century, the uniform method for executing persons in America was hanging, although starvation was very common also. There were exceptions which included spies, traitors, and deserters who would face a firing squad. Then in 1888, New York directed the construction of an electric chair (Flanders 11). It was believed that the new harnessed power of electricity would prove to be a more scientific and humane means of execution. The first electrocution took place 2 in New York in 1890. In the past, capital crimes were much different than they are now. Robbery and the selling of alcohol to underage customers was a serious capital crime (McCuen and Baumgart 21). Rape was also a crime where the criminal was sentenced to death. In America, only thirty-seven states authorize the death penalty. In most of those thirty-seven states, murder is the only capital crime. The Supreme Court requires that two conditions must be met in order for a specific murder to warrant the death penalty (Nardo 32). The first condition is that it must be first degree murder, which is the deliberate and premeditated taking of life. The second is that one or more aggravating circumstances must be present. Aggravating Circumstances refer to those aspects of a crime that increase its severity. An example of an aggravating circumstance would be torture in conjunction with a murder. (Capital Punishment 32). 3 Every society has faced the problem of what to do with its most troublesome criminals. Many people in the past have argued whether or not Capital Punishment is justified and necessary. Most societies now believe that a criminal should receive punishment proportional to the crime committed. Most societies believe that such a severe punishment was necessary to install fear in others. While more social structures developed, the crimes developed into public and private offenses. Public offenses such as witchcraft and blasphemy, were punished by the state; while private offenses still were answered by acts of personal retribution. The enforcement of Capital Punishment in the early twentieth century declined drastically because of all of the controversy. Today, many more states are taking the death penalty into consideration. 4 Methods of Capital Punishment used today are somewhat different than what was used in the past. The lethal injection method, which is by far the most common, and the electric chair are the most recently used. The gas chamber is still used but in very rare cases. In 1924, the gas chamber was introduced in Utah with a hope to still find a more humane way to execute the convicted. The gas chamber method proved itself to be a very inhumane way of execution. There were many errors while using the gas chamber. Using too little or too much of the gas was a huge factor that was constantly argued. The continuing desire for a less painful, error-free means of execution led to the development of the lethal injection method in the 1970s. Initially it was approved in Oklahoma and Texas in 1977. This method involved injecting a combination of a sedative, which is used to make the execution less painful, and a fatal .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc , .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc .postImageUrl , .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc , .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc:hover , .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc:visited , .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc:active { border:0!important; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc:active , .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u37d6aebe0ce1bb46e2ed7112f88116fc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Essential Nile Essay 5 chemical agent into the condemned prisoners bloodstream. Lethal injection was first used to carry out the death penalty in 1982. In 1980, The American Medical Association AMA went on record to oppose the participation of any physician in an execution by lethal injection. A doctors involvment was seen as a contradiction of the professional responsibility under the Hippocratic Oath to save lives. As it now stands, no state that uses lethal injection, requires a physician to be present. The deadly solution is normally administered by medically trained technicians. There is much evidence showing that Capital Punishment is a deterrent of crime. The most persuasive research compared the homicide rates of states that did and did not prescribe the death penalty. For instance, Michigan, which abolished Capital Punishment in 1847, was . Throughout history, statistics have proven that Ca Essay Example For Students Throughout history, statistics have proven that Ca Essay 1pital Punishment or otherwise known as the death penalty, has been an effective deterrent of major crime. Capital Punishment is thelawful infliction of death among criminals and has been used topunish a wide variety of offenses for many years all over the world (Bedau 16). When the death penalty is enforced, it shows society that committing a capital crime has deadly consequences. In early times, many methods of Capital Punishment wereused to deter a variety of crimes. For over a century, the uniformmethod for executing persons in America was hanging, although starvation was very common also. There were exceptions whichincluded spies, traitors, and deserters who would face a firingsquad. Then in 1888, New York directed the construction of anelectric chair (Flanders 11). It was believed that the new harnessed power of electricity would prove to be a more scientific and humane means of execution. The first electrocution took place2in New York in 1890. We will write a custom essay on Throughout history, statistics have proven that Ca specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In the past, capital crimes were much different than they are now. Robbery and the selling of alcohol to underage customerswas a serious capital crime (McCuen and Baumgart 21). Rape was also a crime where the criminal was sentenced to death. In America, only thirty-seven states authorize the deathpenalty. In most of those thirty-seven states, murder is the onlycapital crime. The Supreme Court requires that two conditionsmust be met in order for a specific murder to warrant the deathpenalty (Nardo 32). The first condition is that it must be first degree murder, which is the deliberate and premeditated taking of life. The second is that one or more aggravating circumstances must be present. Aggravating Circumstances refer to those aspects of a crime that increase its severity. An example of an aggravatingcircumstance would be torture in conjunction with a murder. (Capital Punishment 32). 3Every society has faced the problem of what to do with itsmost troublesome criminals. Many people in the past have arguedwhether or not Capital Punishment is justified and necessary. Most societies now believe that a criminal should receivepunishment proportional to the crime committed. Most societiesbelieve that such a severe punishment was necessary to install fear in others. While more social structures developed, the crimesdeveloped into public and private offenses. Public offenses suchas witchcraft and blasphemy, were punished by the state; whileprivate offenses still were answered by acts of personal retribution. The enforcement of Capital Punishment in the earlytwentieth century declined drastically because of all of the controversy. Today, many more states are taking the death penaltyinto consideration. 4Methods of Capital Punishment used today are somewhatdifferent than what was used in the past. The lethal injection method, which is by far the most common, and the electric chair are the most recently used. The gas chamber is still used but in very rare cases. In 1924, the gas chamber was introduced in Utah with ahope to still find a more humane way to execute the convicted. The gas chamber method proved itself to be a very inhumaneway of execution. There were many errors while using the gas chamber. Using too little or too much of the gas was a hugefactor that was constantly argued. The continuing desire for a less painful, error-free means ofexecution led to the development of the lethal injection method inthe 1970s. Initially it was approved in Oklahoma and Texas in 1977. This method involved injecting a combination of a sedative,which is used to make the execution less painful, and a fatal 5chemical agent into the condemned prisoners bloodstream. Lethalinjection was first used to carry out the death penalty in 1982. .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c , .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c .postImageUrl , .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c , .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c:hover , .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c:visited , .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c:active { border:0!important; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c:active , .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u719920d76866e0a28f6492b79b30748c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Spanish-American War EssayIn 1980, The American Medical Association AMA wenton record to oppose the participation of any physician in an execution by lethal injection. A doctors involvment was seen as acontradiction of the professional responsibility under the Hippocratic Oath to save lives. As it now stands, no state that uses lethal injection, requires a physician to be present. The deadly solution is normally administered by medically trained technicians. There is much evidence showing that Capital Punishmentis a deterrent of crime. The most persuasive research compared the homicide rates of states that did and did not prescribe the death penalty. For instance, Mic higan, which abolished Capital Punishment in 1847, was found to have had a rate higher toadjacent states, Ohio and Indiana, that were executing. Similarly,Minnesota and Rhode Island, states with no death penalty, had6many more killings then their respective neighbors Iowa andMassachusetts, which had Capital Punishment. In 1939 SouthDakota adopted and used the death penalty, and its homiciderate fell twenty percent over the next decade; North Dakotawent without Capital Punishment for the same ten years, andhomicide rates went up. Similar before and after studies in Canada, England, andother countries likewise found that the suggestion of Capital Punishment had deterred murderers better than the prospect oflong prison terms. In Britain during the 1950s, a typicallifer actually served only seven years, compared with a muchtougher average, the United States life term today of twenty years. Between 1930 and 1980 there have been 3,860 executions in the United States. Of this number 3,380 had been executedfor murder. Rape, armed robbery, burglary, and aggravated assaultno longer are capital crimes. 7Only thirty-two women have ever been executed. Since 1930half of all persons executed were non white. Over 1,200 death rowinmates were awaiting execution by 1984. In 1980, thirty-nine states had enacted death penalty laws. From 1965 to 1983 favoritism of the death penalty has risen thirty-two percent. Now, seventy percent of Americans favorCapital Punishment. Washington D.C. had the highest murder rate in the countrywith 35.1 murders per 100,000 population. Nevada is secondwith twenty, Texas with 16.9, Florida at 14.5. South Dakotahas the lowest murder rate with .7 murders per 100,000 population. Since the Supreme Court rulings in the 1970s up to 1984, only sixteen death row inmates have been executed. In America we have many criminals. Different societies havedifferent views on how these criminals should be punished. Themore harsh we are on the criminals and the more death penalties8we hand out, there will be a drastic drop in capital crime. CapitalPunishment is necessary in any imperfect society.